The Bohra Gujarati Muslims Rida/Burqa

The Bohra Gujarati Muslims Rida/Burqa

Rida Ritual

No matter what your age, the rida is part of a woman’s daily wear after her misak ceremony of initiation. Petiwala maintains that once a girl comes of age it is “compulsory” to wear the rida before leaving the house. But Aquila Aftab, who has been designing ridas for almost 27 years, disagrees, saying, “It is worn to a masjid… and it’s a very personal thing.”

The misak ceremony introduces a young woman to the rida. “It’s a reason for the entire family to get together and celebrate over a Bohra-style feast in a thaal,” adds Farida Yunus Marvi, who has 25 years of rida-designing experience.

But the ceremony has more to it than just the rida appeal. “The misak, more than anything, is a little ceremony welcoming the consciousness towards the practice and pursuit of the religion,” says Zahra Rangoonwala, the creative manager at Team::ants who had her own ceremony at the age of 13. Her mother affectionately stitched her first rida which was cut out of a pearly white, silky fabric with pink and lilac flower details — purple being her favourite colour. “I wanted to start wearing a rida already, and often practiced doing my pardi on my mom’s rida,” she recalls.

For all-female gatherings, a rida-cum-jori is preferred, as you can simply remove the pardi and wrap a dupatta around yourself.

Farida Yunus Marvi says that all you need is 5.5 yards of fabric for a rida. The beauty of its architecture is that you can turn any type of fabric into one. Although Petiwala says that the women generally avoid see-through materials such as georgette. The type of fabric is mostly chosen by occasion; for weddings you can take your pick from a wide array of silk fabrics or jamavar and stick to cotton or wash-and-wear for everyday ridas.

Along with fabric, the colour selection is also closely allied with the shades of the season. “During summer, pastels and chikkun fabric are in vogue,” 

100 things to do in mumbai

100 things to do in mumbai

1. Get high on qawwali at Haji Ali

2. Spot a celebrity at Juhu PVR

3. Sit down on the steps of Asiatic Society library

4. Crane your neck to see the Bombay Stock Exchange building

5. Spot a leopard in IIT Bombay campus. If you can’t, then settle for an IITian girl

6. Enjoy a play in Prithvi Theatre

7. Enjoy the NCPA in a play or opera

8. Find some calm around the Banganga tank

9. Haggle for non-antiques in Chor Bazaar

10. Face the high tide on Worli seaface

11. Bet money on race horses at the Royal Western India Turf Club, Mahalaxmi

12. Dangle your feet, lean back on your palms and enjoy the sea from the Marine Drive promenade

13. Go for a heritage walk in the Naval Dockyard (first Sunday every month, Indian nationals only)

14. Explore the Sanjay Gandhi national park. A national park in city limits? Oh yeah!

15. Soak in the Victoria Terminus

16. Watch DDLJ at Maratha Mandir

17. Party at Hard Rock Cafe and mourn for a minute the death of mills around Parel

18. Jog on Juhu beach

19. Sit on a tetropod at Nariman Point in midnight till police constables shoo you away

20. Stand still on flyover bridger at Dadar station and watch the crowd whiz by you

21. Find out who is grittier. You or Crawford market?

22. Find the Fort wall

23. Ride the Victoria on Marine Drive. Yeah, cheesy, we know

24. Discover the city’s Jewish connection at Keneseth Eliyahoo Synagogue

25. Watch sunset over Aksa beach in Madh Island

26. Discover the underbelly of Bombay in Dharavi

27. Stay for a night at Taj Mahal Palace hotel. You definitely want to tick off this luxury address for the oh-I-stayed-the

re-for-a-while conversations, don’t you?

28. Catch the national madness of cricket in Oval Maidan

29. Read a Bombay book (Suketu Mehta’s Maximum City?) in Azaad Maidan

30. Cheer a football match at Cooperage ground

31. Bury your nose in books for hours at Strand

32. Stroll in Bombay University

33. Climb the airport wall in Kurla to gain phenomenal views of Boeings

34. Swoon at a concert in Bandra Kurla complex

35. Gaze at the Queen’s Necklace from the Hanging Gardens at dusk

36. Hunt for antique furniture (real or fake?) in Oshiwara

37. Hike up the Mazgaon Hill

38. Buy books from roadsides around Flora Fountain

39. Envy the private palaces of Malabar Hill

40. Party on a ferry in the Arabian Sea off Gateway of India

41. Take a break from the city. Vasai offers the ramparts of Bassein fort, ruins of Portugese churches and East Indian food

42. Trek in Sahayadris

43. Say hello to the fauna at Byculla zoo

44. Buy a camera from D N Road’s gray market

45. Dare the red light district of Kamatipura

46. Guess what RFID system they use to tag clothes at the Dhobi Ghat

47. Take a power nap at David Sassoon Library

48. Catch movies at art-deco cinemas: Regal (1933), Eros (1938), Metro (1938)

49. Bow your head before city’s famous deities: Mumbadevi, Mahalaxmi, Walkeshwar, Siddhivinayak, Iskcon

50. Dine where Shahrukh Khans and Ness Wadias dine: Olive, Indigo

51. Feel the sufi mysticism at dargahs of Haji Ali and Maqdoom Ali Mahimi

52. Shop at the Bandra boutiques or if they are too expensive, give Hill Road or Fashion Street a shot

53. Gape at famous residences: Shahrukh Khan’s Mannat, Amitabh Bachhan’s Jalsa

54. Discover theatre scene in the city at venues other than Prithvi and NCPA: Sophia Bhabha Hall, Breach Candy; St Andrews, Bandra W; Rangsharda Auditorium, Bandra W; Ravindra Natya Mandir Hall, Prabhadevi; Gadkari Rangayatan, Thane W; Shivaji Mandir; Bhartiya Vidhya Bhavan, Chaupaati; Tejpal Hall, Grant Road

55. Explore the Powai and Vihar lakes

56. Visit the museums: Prince of Wales, Monetary, Modern Art, Mani Bhavan

57. Admire the British era architecture in Fort: Churchgate station, Western Railway headquarters, High Court, General Post Office, Telegraph Office, Police Headquarters

58. Learn about the rock-cut architecture: Elephanta, Kanheri, Mahakali and Karla caves

59. Explore the churches: Gloria Church, Byculla, Portugese; Mt Mary Church, Bandra W, Portugese, 1640; St Michaels Church, Mahim, 1565, rebuilt 1973; St Thomas Cathedral, Flora Fountain, 1718; Wodehouse Church, Colaba, 20th century; Afghan Church, Navy Nagar, Colaba, 1858; Our Lady of Salvation Church, Dadar W, Portugese, 19th century; St John Baptist, Seepz, 1579; St Peter’s Church, Bandra, 1852, rebuilt 1938; St Andrew’s Church, Bandra, Portugese, 1575

60. Check out an art exhibition: Jehangir Art Gallery, Fort; Tao Art Gallery, Worli; Piramal Art Gallery, Nariman Point

61. Buy fish at Sassoon Docks, Cuffe Parade or Dockyard Road, Mazgaon

62. Find the forts of Bombay: Bombay Castle, Fort; Castella de Aguada, Bandra; Madh Fort, Versova; Mahim Fort, Mahim; Sion Fort, Sion; Sewri Fort, Sewri; Worli Fort, Worli

63. Buy a vintage bollywood poster in Mini Market or Lamington Road

64. Getaway to the beaches around Bombay: Alibag, Kashid, Murud, Nagaon

65. Travel to places overnight: Goa, Ajanta Ellora, Mahabaleshwar, Pune, Khandala and Lonavala

66. Discover the charm of marble tabletops, bentwood chairs and irani chai at Parsi cafes

67. Catch behind the scenes action at a Bollywood studio

68. Loft the ball for a six in your neighborhood ‘galli’ cricket but make sure you don’t break any window panes

69. Silently stare at the Towers of Silence and Agiaries

70. Shadow the dabbawalas for one full day

71. Walk through a koliwada

72. Ride a vintage lift in a 100 year old building

73. Travel in a local train. How about the Virar Fast?

74. Ride a double decker bus. Isn’t Bombay the only city where they still run them?

75. If you have made it to a penthouse in Bombay, you might as well enjoy the view

76. Drink cutting chai, eat vada pav

77. Gorge on late night sandwiches in Juhu

78. Sip some wine at an expensive seaside restaurant: Vie Lounge, Juhu; Dome, Intercontinental, Marine Drive; Aurus, Juhu; Salt Water Grill, Girgaum Chaupaati; Bayview Bar, Nariman Point

79. Figure what all the fuss is about having a beer in Mondegar or Leopold

80. Jack you car bonnet using a cold-drink bottle and eat kebabs at Bade Miyan in Taj’s back alley

81. Savour a fine authentic meal of East Indian cuisine at Anant Ashram in Kotichawadi

82. Eat a Gujrati-Marwari thali at Friends Union Joshi club in Kalbadevi

83. Smoke a hookah at roof-top restaurant Koyla in the Arab quarters of Colaba

84. Eat South Indian fare in Matunga

85. Eat pav bhaji, pani puri, bhel puri, sev puri at Girgaum Chaupaati

86. Chew a paan outside Shoppers Stop, Bandra W

87. Indulge yourself with fruity flavors of Naturals ice cream. And if it’s summer, try a cup of alfonso mangoes with malai ice cream

88. Learn out the art of ordering tea in a streetside cafe. “Ek paani kum dena.”

89. Drink Kingfisher, Cobra or Zingaro in your neighborhood look-alike bar of Nightlovers

90. Try the green chilli ice cream at Bachelorrs

91. Swing to some live music as you enjoy your continental meal at Not Just Jazz By The Bay. Do pay attention to the witty hoarding outside as you leave the place

92. Run the Bombay Marathon (Jan)

93. Enjoy the Kala Ghoda arts festival (Feb)

94. Cheer ‘Mumbai Indians’ in an IPL cricket match at Wankhede statdium (May-Jun)

95. Get drenched to the bone while biking in the monsoons (Jul-Sep)

96. Sing “Govinda aala re aala” as 40 feet high human pyramids take the prized matka (Aug-Sep)

97. Get lost in the crowds of Ganesh Chaturthi (Sep)

98. Watch thousands of pink flamingos in the mangroves at Sewri (Nov-May)

99. Eat nihari, kebabs and sweetmeats around Masjid on the eve of Eid (Ramzan)

100. Run a ‘free hug’ campaign.

This is Bombay, meri jaan!

Extinct language of India:

Extinct language of India:

Aariya

Ahom

Andamanese languages

Aka-Bea

Aka-Bo

Aka-Cari

Aka-Jeru

Aka-Kede

Aka-Kol

Aka-Kora

Akar-Bale

Oko-Juwoi

Arwi

Cochin Portuguese creole

Lubanki

 

Dravidian languages Classification

🌸Dravidian languages Classification🌸

🌼Southern Group :

• Kannada Group : Holiya, Kannada, Sholiga, Urali

• Baduga Group : Badugu(Badaga)

• Kodagu Group : Kodava, Kurumba

• Malayalam Group : Aranadan,  Jeseri. Kadar, Malapandaram. Malaryan, Malavedan, Malayalam, Mullu Kurumba, Paliyan, Paniya, Ravula(Yerava/Adiyan)

• Tamil Group : Betta Kurumba, Eravallan, Irula, Kaikadi, Kanikkaran, Muthuvan, Tamil, Yerukala.

• Toda-Kota Group : Kota Toda

• Tulu Group : Bellari, Koraga, Tulu

• Tulu – Malayalam : Beary

• Unclassified : Kalanadi, Kumbaran, Kunduvadi, Kurichiya, Kurumba, Attapady,  Mala Malasar,  Malasar,  Muduga,  Pathiya,  Thachanadan,  Ullatan,  Wayanad Chetti.

🌼South-Central Group :   

• Gondi (Madiya Nagarchal)
• Kui
• Kuvi
• Konda
• Koya
• Manda
• Pengo
• Telugu

🌼Central Group

• Kolami
• Naiki
• Duruwa
• Ollari
• Kondekor

🌼North :

• Brahui
• Kurukh
• Sauria Paharia
• Kumarbhag Paharia

🌼Unclassified       

• Allar
• Bazigar
• Bharia
• Malankuravan
• Vishavan